Nouns and Verbs-Review-Part 1

PORTA

Porta
Portae
Portae
Portam
Porta

Portae
Portarum
Portis
Portas
Portis

AMICUS

Amicus
Amici
Amico
Amicum
Amico

Amici
Amicorum
Amicis
Amicos
Amicis

PUER

Puer
Pueri
Puero
Puerum
Puero

Pueri
Puerorum
Puero
Puerum
Puero

AGER

Ager
Agri
Agro
Agrum
Agro

Agri
Agrorum
Agris
Agros
Agris

DONUM

Donum
Doni
Dono
Donum
Dono

Dona
Donorum
Donis
Dona
Donis

REX
Rex
Regis
Regi
Regem
Rege

Reges
Regum
Regibus
Reges
Regibus

CORPUS

Corpus
Corporis
Corpori
Corpus
Corpore

Corpora
Corporum
Corporibus
Corpora
Corporibus

CIVIS

Civis
Civis
Civi
Civem
Cive

Cives
Civium
Civibus
Cives
Civibus

URBS

Urbs
Urbis
Urbi
Urbem
Urbe

Urbes
Urbium
Urbibus
Urbes
Urbibus

MARE

Mare
Maris
Mari
Marem
Mari

Maria
Marium
Maribus
Maria
Maribus

FRUCTUS

Fructus
Fructus
Fructui
Fructum
Fructu

Fructus
Fructuum
Fructibus
Fructus
Fructibus

CORNU

Cornu
Cornus
Cornu
Cornu
Cornu

Cornua
Cornuum
Cornibus
Cornua
Cornibus

LAUDARE

Laudo
Laudas
Laudat
Laudamus
Laudatis
Laudant

Laudabam
Laudabas
Laudabat
Laudabamus
Laudabatis
Laudabant

Laudabo
Laudabis
Laudabit
Laudabimus
Laudabitis
Laudabunt

Laudavi
Laudavisit
Laudavit
Laudavimus
Laudavistis
Laudaverunt

Laudaveram
Laudaveras
Laudaverat
Laudaveramus
Laudaveratis
Laudaverant

Laudavero
Laudaeris
Laudaverit
Laudaverimus
Laudaveritis
Laudaverint

Laudor
Laudaris
Laudatur
Laudamur
Laudamini
Laudantur

Laudabar
Laudabaris
Laudabatur
Laudabamur
Laudabamini
Laudabantur

Laudabor
Laudaberis
Laudabitur
Laudabimur
Laudabimini
laudabuntur

The Gallic Wars-Caesar-Paragraph 1

All of Gaul is divided into three parts, one of which the Belgae live in, the second the Aquitani live in, the third of which the are called the Celts, and in our language are called the Gauls. All these differ between each other in language, customs, and laws. The Garonne River divides the Gauls from the Aquitani, and the Marne and the Seine divide them from the Belgians. Of all these, the Belgae are the bravest, because they are furthest from the culture and humanity of Province, and merchants least frequently resort to them, and import those things which tend to effeminate the mind; and they are the nearest to the Germans, who dwell beyond the Rhine, with whom they are continually waging war; for which reason the Helvetii also surpass the rest of the Gauls in valor, as they contend with the Germans in almost daily battles, when they either repel them from their own territories, or themselves wage war on their frontiers.

United States Supreme Court vs. Roman Court

In physical build up, the United States Supreme Court retains many Ancient Roman qualities. For one, a Roman figure carrying a fasces appears above the words, "Equal justice under law". Along with similar architecture (with columns, etc.), there are two 17 feet high bronze doors at the entrance to the court. Each door holds four scenes that illustrate significant events in the evolution of justice in the Western tradition. The first 4 of these (the entire left door) have scene related to the Ancient Rome. They are: (1) Shield of Achilles, (2) Praetor's Edict, (3) Julian and Scholar, (4) Justinian Code. Bronze doors were created for Rome's most important secular and religious sites, including the Roman Senate and the Pantheon. Classical forms, associated with Roman Republicanism, embodied the ideals and goals of the new nation (United States), and so were used extensively in important government buildings. To the left side of the building, there is the statue, "The Contemplation of Justice", which depicts a seated woman holding a small figure representing justice. This can trace back to Themis, the Greek goddess of justice and law, and Justicia, one of the four Roman virtues depicted in the form of a woman. Other symbols on this statue represent fairness, equality, and impartiality.

Roman law is one of the most significant influences on American law. Even some individual justices were interested heavily in Roman law, often citing it. In states such as Florida and Texas, this influence was extremely dominant, as they once under civil law systems. Roman law has been a peripheral, or backdrop, of American common law. One specific influence is that Roman and civil law provided a model of systematic legal structure, especially in organizational and conceptual framework. Second, Roman law provided precise vocabulary for complex legal concepts. Third, and most importantly, Roman law provided comparative materials for judging American rules, as well as historical substrata, upon which many English and American rules rest.

Sources: http://www.answers.com/topic/roman-law

http://www.supremecourtus.gov/about/bronzedoors.pdf

http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/democracy/authority2.html

Chapters 11-20 Test-Part 2-Parsed Verbs

Chapter 11-
1. facit-3rd person singular present indicative active of "facere" meaning "to make"
2. est-3rd person singular present indicative active of "esse" meaning "to be"
3. vales-2nd person singular present indicative active of "valere" meaning "to be strong"
4. poterant-3rd person plural imperfect indicative active of "posse" meaning "to be able to"
5. amant-3rd person plural present active indicative of "amare" meaning "to love"

Chapter 12-
1. creavit-3rd person singular perfect indicative active of "creare" meaning "to create"
2. fecit-3rd person singular perfect indicative active of "facere" meaning "to make"
3. profuderunt-3rd person plural perfect active indicative of "profundere" meaning "to pour forth"
4. habuerunt-3rd person plural perfect indicative active of "habere" meaning "to have"
5. audebit-3rd person singular future indicative active of "audere" meaning "to dare"

Chapter 13-
1. misit-3rd person singular present active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"
2. potuerunt-3rd person plural perfect indicative active of "posse" meaning " to be able to"
3. habet-3rd person singular present indicative active of "habere" meaning "to have"
4. recognovit-3rd person singular perfect indicative active of "recognoscere" meaning "to recognize"
5. emendat-3rd person singular present active indicative of "emedare" meaning "to correct"

Chapter 14-
1. appellavit-3rd person singular perfect indicative active of "appellare" meaning "to be called"
2. creavit-3rd person singular perfect indicative active of "creare" meaning "to create"
3. servat-3rd person singular present indicative active of "servare" meaning "to preserve"
4. teneo-1st person singular present indicative active of "tenere" meaning "to hold"
5. erat-3rd person singular imperfect active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"

Chapter 15-
1. exspectabam-1st person singular imperfect active indicative of "exspectare" meaning "to expect"
2. venimus-1st person plural present active indicative of "venire" meaning "to come"
3. erat-3rd person singular imperfect active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
4. dicebat-3rd person singular imperfect active indicative of "dicere" meaning "to speak"
5. amabat-3rd person singular imperfect active indicative of "amare" meaning "to love"

Chapter 16-
1. est-3rd person singular present active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
2. vicit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "vincere" meaning "to conquer"
3. adiuvat-3rd person singular present active indicative of "adiuvare" meaning "to help"
4. erat-3rd person singular imperfect active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
5. facit-3rd person singular present active indicative of "facere" meaning "to make"

Chapter 17-
1. imminent-3rd person plural present active indicative of "imminere" meaning "to impend"
2. vident-3rd person plural present active indicative of "videre" meaning "to see"
3. neglegunt-3rd person plural present active indicative of "neglegere" meaning "to neglect"
4. dat-3rd person singular present active indicative of "dare" meaning "to give"
5. vincit-3rd person singular present active indicative of "vincere" meaning "to conquer"

Chapter 18-
1. videntur-3rd person plural present indicative passive of "videre" meaning "to see"
2. sunt-3rd person plural present indicative active of "esse" meaning "to be"
3. potest-3rd person singular present active indicative of "posse" meaning "to be able to"
4. erant-3rd person plural imperfect active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
5. teneor-1st person singular present indicative passive of "tenere" meaning "to hold"

Chapter 19-
1. est-3rd person singular present active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
2. visa sunt-3rd person plural perfect indicative passive of "videre" meaning "to see"
3. debemus-2nd person plural present active indicative of "debere" meaning "to ought to"
4. iactus sum-1st person singular perfect indicative passive of "iacere" meaning "to throw"
5. vivimus-2nd person plural present active indicative of "vivere" meaning "to live"

Chapter 20-
1. defendunt-3rd person plural present active indicative of "defendere" meaning "to defend"
2. privavit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "privare" meaning "to deprive"
3. liberavit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "libere" meaning "to free"
4. pronuntiabat-3rd person singular imperfect active indicative of "pronuntiare" meaning "to pronounce"
5. miscebant-3rd person plural imperfect active indicative of "miscere" meaning "to mix"

Chapters 11-20 Test-Part 1-Paradigms

1. Perfect Active Indicative
Laudare-to praise

Laudavi
Laudavisti
Laudavit
Laudavimus
Laudavistis
Laudaverunt

2. Pluperfect Active Indicative
Laudare-to praise

Laudaveram
Laudaveras
Laudaverat
Laudaveramus
Laudaveratis
Laudaverant

3. Future Perfect Active Indicative
Laudare-to praise

Laudavero
Laudaveris
Laudaverit
Laudaverimus
Laudaveritis
Laudaverint

4. Present Indicative Passive
Laudare-to praise

Laudor
Laudaris
Laudatur
Laudamur
Laudamini
Laudantur


5. Perfect Indicative Passive
Laudare-to praise

Laudatus sum
Laudatus es
Laudatus est
Laudati sumus
Laudati estis
Laudati sunt

Optional Exercises Chapter 11 Translations-Parsed Verbs

Dabunt-3rd person plural future active indicative of "dare" meaning "to give"
Dabam-1st person singular imperfect active indicative of "dare" meaning "to give"
Dabitis-2nd person plural future active indicative of "dare" meaning "to give
Dabo-1st person singular future active indicative of "dare" meaning "to give"
Dabimus-1st person plural future active indicative of "dare" meaning "to give"
Dabit-3rd person singular future active indicative of "dare" meaning "to give"
Dabimus-1st person plural future active indicative of "dare" meaning "to give"
Dabis-2nd person singular future active indicative of "dare" meaning "to give"
Dabimus-1st person plural future active indicative of "dare" meaning "to give"
Dabunt-3rd person plural future active indicative of "dare" meaning "to give"
Mittemus-1st person plural future active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"
Mittam-1st person singular future active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"
Mittebat-3rd person singular imperfect active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"
Mittimus-1st person plural present active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"
Mitto-1st person singular present active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"
Mittemus-1st person plural future active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"
Mittes-2nd person singular future active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"
Mittebant-3rd person plural imperfect active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"
Mittit-3rd person singular present active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"
Mittent-3rd person plural future active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"
Mittam-1st person singular future active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"
Mittent-3rd person plural future active indicative of "mittere" meaning "to send"

Chapters 11 and 12 S.A.-Parsed all Verbs

Facit-3rd person singular present active indicative of "facere" meaning "to make"
Est-3rd person singular present active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
Vales-2nd person singular present active indicative of "valere" meaning "to be strong"
Est-3rd person singular present active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
Valeo-1st person singular present active indicative of "valere" meaning "to be strong"
Est-3rd person singular present active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
Est-3rd person singular present active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
Vale-2nd person singular imperative active indicative of "valere" meaning "to be strong"
Vale-2nd person singular imperative active indicative of "valere" meaning "to be strong"
Sentiunt-3rd person singular present active indicative of "sentire" meaning "to feel"
Sentiunt-3rd person singular present active indicative of "sentire" meaning "to feel"
Video-2st person singular present active indicative of "videre" meaning "to see"
Esse-infinitive meaning "to be"
Videre-infinitive meaning "to see"
Poterant-3dr person plural imperfect active indicative of "posse" meaning "to be able to"
Amant-3rd person plural present active indicative of "amare" meaning "to love"
Habent-3rd person plural present active indicative of "habere" meaning "to have"
Possum-infinitive meaning "to be able to"
Vivere-infinitive meaning "to live"
Est-3rd person singular present active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
Creavit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "creare" meaning "to create"
Creavit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "creare" meaning "to create"
Veni-2nd person singular imperative active indicative of "venire" meaning "to come"
Vidi-2nd person singular imperative active indicative of "videre" meaning "to see"
Vici-2nd person singular imperative active indicative of "vincere" meaning "to conquer"
Vixit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "vivere" meaning "to live"
Vixit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "vivere" meaning "to live"
Vivere-infinitive meaning "to live"
Vixit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "vivere" meaning "to live"
Vixit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "vivere" meaning "to live"
Dixisti-2nd person singular perfect active indicative of "dicere" meaning "to say"
Fecit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "facere" meaning "to make"
Profuderunt-3rd person plural perfect active indicative of "profundere" meaning "to pour"
Habuerunt-3rd person plural perfect active indicative of "habere" meaning "to have"
Dedit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "dare" meaning "to give"
Perdidimus-1st person plural perfect active indicative of "perdere" meaning "to ruin"
Ceciderit-3rd person singular future perfect active indicative of "cadere" meaning "to fall"
Libere-infinitive meaning "to free"
Dicere-infinitive meaning "to say"
Audebit-3rd person singular future active indicative of "audere" meaning "to dare"

20 Questions-Eric and Alex's Quiz

1. In the story of Pandora's Box what is Pandora's husband's name?-Epimetheus
2. In the Tragic Story of Phaethon what happens to Phaethon when he is riding the chariot? -He is thrown from heaven
3. In the story of the Adventures of Io what does Zeus turn Io into?-a cow
4. In the story of The Curse of Atreus who are Pelops' sons?-Atreus and Thyestes
5. In the story of Cleobis and Biton where do Cleobis and Biton carry their mother?-to a statue of Juno in the Temple of Juno
6. In the story of Laocoon and the Trojan Horse what does Laocoon warn the Trojans of?-The wooden horse housing the Greek warriors
7. In the story of Nisus and Euryalus, who dies at the hands of Volcens?-Nisus
8. In the story of Aurora and Tithonus, who does Aurora go to for help? -the king of the gods, Jupiter
9. In the story of Ulysses and the Cyclops, what do Ulysses and his friends do to escape the cyclops?-They set a tree on fire and hurt the Cyclops' eye
10. In the story Gift Bearing Greeks, how do the Greeks enter Troy?-a large wooden horse, given as a gift, and containing the Greek warriors
11. In the Story of Echo and Handsome Narcissus, what is the moral of the story?-Humans ought not admire themselves excessively.
12. In the story of Europa and the Bull what form does Zeus take on in the story?-a Bull
13. In the story how the Aegean got its name what was the minotaur imprisoned in?-the Labyrinth
14. In the story the wrath of Achilles, who is Achilles angry at? -Agamemnon
15. In the story the Myrmidons, who was the leader of the Myrmidons?-Aecaus
16. In the story A wedding invitation, who are Achilles parents?-Peleus and Thetis
17. In the story the Judgment of Paris, who are the three goddess that fight over the golden apple?-Juno, Venus, and Minerva
18. In the story the labors of Hercules, who is the king that forces Hercules to perform these labors?-Eurystheus
19. In the story of Echo and the Handsome Narcisses what does Echo do that annoys Narcisses. -She repeats what he says
20. In the story of Nisus and Euryalus what do the brothers try to steal from the enemy camp? -a helmet

-"Veritas"-Harvard University, "Non doctior, sed meliore doctrina imbutus"-Haverford College

Animal Hunts in Rome

Many people today would be appauled from the violence and bloodshed held in the Roman Coliseum. However, at the day it was completely normal to attend these events. One event was the Venatione. This was an animal hunt where a venator (person who hunted animals) would catch and kill an animal or be killed. Many animals were used for these events. This included elephants, bears, bulls, lions, leopards, tigers, giraffes, monkeys, camels, antelopes, crocodile, and and ostriches. Sometimes, animals were even pitted against other animals. Some animals even became endangered and extinct becuase of overuse in the stadium.

The venator could hunt on horseback with a lance or on foot with swords and sheilds. Their mortality rate was high, and they did not receive nearly as much praise and recognition as gladiators. Some were slaves, like gladiators. Some wore armor, some normal clothes, some fought naked. Most usually belonged to an agency and were hired out to perform.

"The wild beast hunts, two a day for five days, are magnificent. There is no denying it. But what pleasure is there in seeing a puny human mangled by a powerful beast or a splendid animal killed with a hunting spear."
Cicero in 50 BC

Greek Vase Paintings-5 Mythological Stories

Hermes carrying Heracles to Mount Olympus.
Hermes leads the goddesses Aphrodite, Athena, and Hera to Paris for his judgment in the contest for the golden apple.

Hephaestus returning to Mount Olympus in anger, after being thrown out.

Hephaestus splits open Zeus' skull, releasing the goddess Athena from his head.

Artemis draws her bow as Aktaion is torn apart by his hounds.

38 Latin Stories, Chapters 11, 15, 20, Verb Cognates

Chapter 11
Audivit-audire Audible, audacious, auditor, audio, audiotape
Dicam-dicere Dictate, dictator, dictation, diction, dictionary, prediction
Erant-esse Is, was, were
Duxerat-ducere Duct, induction, reduction
Dederat-dare Date, mandate, dedicate
Victus erat-vincere Invincible, vincible, evincible
Terreri-terrere Terrify, terrible, terrible (in Spanish)
Poterat-posse Possible, impossible, possibilism
Caret-carere Care, caress, uncaring
Superavit-superare Super, superb, supreme, superficial, superior
Erant-esse Is, was, were
Cepit-capere Decapitate, captain, capture, incapacitated, captivate, captivation
Invenerat-invenire Invent, invention,
Traxit-trahere Taxi, trailer, tractor
Est-esse Is, was, were
amovere Remove, locomotion, movement
Poterat-posse Possible, impossible, possibilism
Est-esse Is, was, were
Datum est-dare Date, mandate,
Erat-esse Is, was, were
Chapter 15
Edunt-edere Edible, inedible, eat
Navigavit- Navigate, navigation, navigator, nauta
Venit Vein, vent, ventilate
Inveniunt Invent, invention, inventor
Edunt Edible, eat, inedible
Ducit Duct, induction, reduction
Videt Video, videotape, envisage, visage
Facitis Facetious, facility, facilitate
Habetis Habitat, habituate, habit
Dicit Diction, dictionary, dictation, dictator, prediction
Dabis Debit, dedicate, debate
Exclamat Exclaim, exclamation, exclamatory
Capit Decapitate, captain, capture, incapacitated, captivate, captivation
Rogat Regal, regality, regalia
Est Is, was, were
Respondet Respond, response, responder
Superat Super, superior, superficial, superb, supreme
Mittunt Mission, Missionary, commission
Vocat Vocal, vocalization, vocate, vocation
Possunt Possible, Possibilism, Possibility
Fugere Fugitive, fugitative, fugitives, refuge
Audit Audio, audiotape, audible, audacious, auditor
Sum Am, sum, same
Chapter 20
Vivebant-vivere Live, liven, enliven, life
Dabant- Date mandate dedicate
Mittebant-mittere Mission, Missionary, commission
Dixit-dicere Dictate, dictator, dictation, diction, dictionary, prediction
Tolerare Tolerate, tolerable, intolerant
Possum-posse Possible, impossible, possibilism
Timeo-timere Timid, timidity, timidly
Inveniam-invenire Invent, invention, inventor
Potero-posse Possible, impossible, possibilism
Vincam-vincere Invincible, vincible, evincible
Commito-commitere Commit, committable, commitment, commence
Videbis-videre Video, videotape, envisage, visage
Fugiam-fugere Fugitive, fugitative, refuge,
Iunxit-iungere Join, junction, conjoin
Navigabit-navigare navigate, navigator, navigation, nauta
Superare- Super, superb, supreme, superficial, superior
Fugere- Fugitive, fugitative, refuge,
Poterat-posse Possible, impossible, possibilism
Expectaverat- Expect, expectations, spectators
videre Video, videotape, envisage, visage
poterat Possible, impossible, possibilism
Tenuerat-tenere Tangible, retentive, attentive
mutaverat Mute, mutate, mutation

Latin Help

1. Erat-3rd person singular imperfect active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
2. Venerat-3rd person singular pluperfect active indicative of "venere" meaning "to come"
3. Gesserat-3rd person singular pluperfect active indicative of "gerrere" meaning "to carry on"
4. Movebat-3rd person singular imperfect active indicative of "movere" meaning "to move"
5. Ceperat-3rd person singular pluperfect active indicative of "cepere" meaning "to capture"
6. Vocavit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "vocare" meaning "to call"
7. Audivit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "audire" meaning "to hear"
8. Cucurrit-3rd person singular present active indicative of "cucerre" meaning "to run"
9. Intellego-1st person singular present active indicative of "intelligere" meaning "to understand"
10. Dixit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "dicere" meaning "to speak"
11. Habere-infinitive meaning "to hold"
12. Debent-3rd person plural present active indicative of "debere" meaning "ought to"
13. Vincere-infinitive meaning "to conquer"
14. Possunt-3rd person plural present active indicative of "posse" meaning "to be able to"
15. Fugies-2nd person singular future active indicative of "fugere" meaning "to flee"
16. Erit-3rd person singular future active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
17. Manebis-2nd person singular future active indicative of "manere" meaning "to remain"
18. Invenies-2nd person singular future active indicative of "invenire" meaning "to come upon"
19. Amittes-2nd person singular present active indicative of "amittere" meaning "to send"
20. Habe-2nd person singular Imperative
21. Dixit-3rd person singular perfect active indicative of "dicere" meaning "to speak"
22. Est-3rd person singular present active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be"
23. Timeo-

Mandatory Optional Self-Tutorial Exercises

1. Number 1-(a) The perfect passive participle and the present of "sum" (b) the perfect passive participle and the imperfect of "sum"
2. A. Vir missus est-the man was sent, vir mittitur-the man is sent.
B. vir missus erat-the man had been sent, vir mittebatur-the man was being sent
3. To ask questions
4. Singular Nominative and Singular Accusative endings differ
5. Word usage and punctuation
6. Translations
a. Movetur-he is being moved
b. Motus est-he was moved
c. Motum erat-he had been moved
d. Movebatur-he was being moved
e. Deleti erant-they had been destroyed
f. Delebantur-they are being destroyed
g. Deleti sunt-they were destroyed
h. Tenemur-we are being held
i. Tenti sumus-we were held
j. Tenti eramus-he had been held
k. Tenebamur-we were being held
l. Mutatus erat-he had been changed
m. Mutatus est-he was changed
n. Mutatur-he is being changed
o. Mutabatur-he was being changed
7. Translation of Interrogative Pronouns
a. Cuius?-Genitive singular
b. Quem?-accusative singular masculine and feminine
c. Qui?-Nominative plural masculine
d. Quid?-Nominative Singular Neuter
e. Quorum?-Nominative Plural Masculine and Neuter
f. Cui?-Dative Singular
g. Quas?-Accusative plural feminine
h. Quis?-Nominative Singular Masculine and Feminine
i. Quae?-Accusative Plural Neuter
8. From which book was it prepared? From which book had it been prepared? From which book was it being prepared?
9. The schoolmaster is overcome by the labors from which book had been prepared.
10. Which book were you given? Which book is being given? Which book had it been given?
11. Which boy was preserved?
12. I myself saw the boy who was preserved.
13. Which of these two sons were preserved.
14. I never saw the old man whose sons were preserved.
15. What was sent?
16. From the citizen who sent peace and liberty, they were praised.
17. Who were sent?
18. From ten citizens who were sent friendship, he was praised.
19. Who have you seen in the city?
20. Who are the three new friends who you have seen in the city?
21. Who of you were they found there.
22. Where are the three bodies who of you there they were found.
23. From what of that man was he told.
24. What of that man was he told?
25. Eight wretched humans who were told by that man, flew out of the city.
26. Which sons were praised into themselves.
27. They thanked the fatherland whose sons were praised.
28. He frightened which of you?
29. He frightened you with what danger?
30. But the danger which terrifies you has been conquered by brave citizens.

All Noun Declensions 20X ea.

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Translations from Golden Age and Silver Age authors

GOLDEN AGE

Lucretius
- Si me duces, Musa, coronam magna cum laude capiam.
If you lead me, Muse, I will take the crown with praise.
- Haud igitur redit ad nihilum res ulla, sed omnes discidio redeunt in corpora materiai.
Therefore, he returns nothing at all into any affair, but I say they all return into the body material.
- Terra ipsa homines et animalia olim creavit.
Once upon a time, the earth itself has created the humans and animals.

Catullus
- Catullus Marco Tullio Ciceroni magnas gratias agit.
Catullus thanks the great Marcus Tullius Cicero.
- Dicebam medicare tuos desiste capillos!
I said to cure you must stop your hair.
- Salve, mea bella puella-da mihi multa basia, amabo te!
Hello, my beautiful girl, give me many kisses, I love you!

Cicero
- Philosophia es ars vitae.
Philosophy is an art career.
- Fortuna est caeca.
Fortune is blind.
- Semper magno cum timore incipio dicere.
I always begin to speak with great fear.

Caesar
- Ipse ad eos contendebat equitesque ante se misit.
He contended himself and the knight before he sent him.
- Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquitani, tertiam qui ipsorum lingua Celtae, nostra Galli apellantur.
All of Gaul is divided into three parts, one of which the Belgae live in, the second the Aquitani live in, the third of which the Galls call the Celts, in our language.
-Palus erat non magna inter nostrum atque hostium exercitum.
Palus is not great before our enemy and army.

Nepos
- Eo tempore Athenienses tantam vitutem praestiterunt ut decemplicem numerum hostium superant, et hos sic perterruerunt ut in Asiam refugerent.
The time of the Athenians was so great the way excelled to the number tenfold to overcome the enemy, and these men thus frighten greatly to flee back into Asia.
- Atticus Ciceroni ex patria fugenti multam pecuniam dedit.
The elegant Cicero fleed out of the fatherland and gave much money.
-Hi fere fuerunt Graecae gentis duces, qui memoria digni videantur, praeter REGES.
Those men almost flee the Greek leader, when appropriate memory was seen, besides the king

Publilius Syrus
- Numquam periculum sine periculo vincemus.
We never conquer danger without danger.
- Si animes infirmes  est, non poterit bonam fortunam tolerare.
If you animate the weak, he is not able to endure good fortune.
- Si vales, valeo.
If you be strong, I am strong.

Virgil
- Fata viam invenient.
They came upon the way of the oracle.
- Sed fugit interea, fugit tempus.
But meanwhile he flees, he flees time.
- Pan servat oves (sheep) et magistros fortunatos ovium
Pan preserves the sheep and schoolmasters happy sheep.

Horace
- Virtus tua me amicum tibi facit.
Your strength makes me your friend.
- Rapite, amici, occasionem de hora.
Snatch, friend, the occasion of the hour.
- Incipit ille.
He began that.

Livy
- Eximia forma virginis oculus hominum convertit.
The maidens outstanding form cause eyes to look
- Ratio me ducet, non fortuna.
I lead not on the account of fortune
- Non solum eventus hoc docet-iste est magister stultorum!-sed etiam ratio.
Not only events but; to be a teacher is foolish!

Propertius
- Errat, qui finem vesani quaerit amoris; verus amor nullum novit habere modum.
Who wanders away from the boundary of love; versus to have control over no love.
- Ergo sollicitae tu causa, pecunia, vitae!
Therefore you cause life danger!
- Quid tibi vis, insane?
Who has insane strength?

Ovid
- Iucundissima dona, ut aiunt, semper sunt ea quae auctor ipse cara fact.
Pleasant gifts, it is said, always are any which author himself fact.
- Dicebam medicare tuos desiste capillos!
I call to cure your hair, desist!
- Fas est ab hoste doceri.
It is right to learn from your enemy

SILVER AGE

Seneca
- Ex meis erroribus hominibus rectum iter demostrare possum.
Out of my human error I have found the proper path.
- Homines, dum docent discunt.
Human beings learn while they teach.
- Vita est brevis; ars, longa.
Avoid short things; long things are knowledge.

Petronius
- Dum nos fata sinunt, oculos satiemus amore; nox tibi longa venit nec reditura dies.
When we allow fate, our eyes love wisdom, you return to death in the night.
- Animam nostro amplexam in corpore.
Our soul lives in our body.
- Quid ergo es.
Where, therefore, is it?

Quintilian
- Prima virtus est vitio carere.
The first virtue is to be without fault.
- Similis circa auctoritatem ratio.
The authors accounts are similar.
- Si cui libri Ciceronis placent, ille sciat se profecisse (to progress).
If this book is pleasing to Cicero, it knows to progress.

Martial
-Nec tecum possum vivere nec sine te.
Nor you are able to be alive, nor without you .
-Est nullus locus utri homini in hac terra.
Is no location enough for humans on this earth.
-Vita non est vivere sed valere.
Life is not to live but to be strong.

Pliny
-Bene est mihi quod tibi bene est.
He is well to me who is well to you.
-Si vale, bene est; ego valeo.
If you are strong, you are well; I am strong.
-Eo tempore erant circenses ludi, quo genere levi spectaculi numquam teneor.
The contestants in the circus are time, who never fear to carry light show.

Tacitus
-Inter bellum et pacem dubitbant.
They hesitated between war and peace.
-Reges Romam a principio habuerunt; libertatem Lucius Brutus Romanis dedit.
In the beginning, Rome had a king; Lucius Brutus gave the Romans liberty.
-Etiam fortes viri subitis periculis saepe terrentur.
Even strong men often are being frightened of sudden dangers.

Juvenal
- Difficile est saturam non scribere; nam quis est tam patiens malae urbis ut se teneat.
Satire is not difficult to write; which on the other hand is bad patience for the city to hold.
-Semper ego auditor tantum?
I always hear so much?
- Probitas laudatur-et alget.
Uprightness is being praise-and is cold.

Xtranormal-Test

I couldn't get it to embed correctly, so here's the link!
http://www.xtranormal.com/watch?e=20090507175015334

Famous Romans-Gaius Marius

Gaius Marius organized Rome's army into the most effective fighting machine on earth. At some times it appeared nothing could stop the mighty force of his Roman legions. Marius changed the way the army organized itself. men from the provinces could now sign up for military service, and in time they would become Roman citizens. Marius also granted land to those war veterans in reward for their services. Marius won famous battles with this army. Most famous of these are the Aquae Sextiae and Campi Raudii, where he ensured that the barbarians from the north were kept out of Rome.

Roman Slavery

Roman slavery differed from the slavery of ancient Greece. For one, Roman masters held more power over their slaves. This included, by law, the power over life and death. Slavery was also far more necessary to the economy and social system of Rome, especially during the empire, than ancient Greece. Wealthy Romans often relied on many slaves to maintain efficient operation of these households. Imperial conquests and expansion strained the Roman citizen workforce, so great numbers of foreign slaves were needed to be imported to fill agricultural labor needs. The primary source of these slaves was through warfare. Tens of thousands of captured prisoners were brought to Rome as slaves. Other sources were through debtors, who sold themselves or their family into slavery. Also, persons convicted of serious crimes were made slaves. This dependancy on slavery contributed significantly to Rome's downfall.

Cumulative Vocab Test-Freshman Year

1. pronuntio-to pronounce
2. prohibeo-to prohibit
3. odi-defective verb (only in perfect) meaning "to hate"
4. discedo-to depart
5. defendo-to defend
6. parare-to prepare
7. liberare-to free
8. delectare-to delight
9. iam-soon
10. contra-against
11. videor-to seem
12. movere-to move
13. miscere-to mix
14. legere-to pick out
15. fluere-to flow
16. recitare-to recite
17.neglegere-to neglect
18. navigare-to navigate
19. incipio-to begin
20. desidero-to desire
21. regere-to rule
22. quam-which
23. senex-old man
24. potens-able
25. omnes-all
26. timere-to frighten
27. iacere-to throw
28. expectare-to expect
29. commitere-to commit
30. itaque-and so
31. vitare-to shun
32. tenere-to hold
33. mutare-to change
34. currere-to run
35. apellare-to speak to
36. stare-to stand
37. iungere-to join
38. deligero-to esteem
39. allere-to nourish
40. olim-for a long time
41. creare-to create
42. cadere-to fall
43. amittere-to lose
44. nuper-recently
45. diu-while
46. sentire-to feel
47. mittere-to send
48. intellegere-to understand
49. etiam-even
50. bene-well
51. vivere-to live
52. invenio-to come upon
53. fugere-to flee
54. facere-to make
55. dicere-to speak
56. nimis-too
57. in-into
58. enim-truly
59. uter-either
60. unus-one
61. vincere-to conquer
62. trahere-to draw
63. scribere-to write
64. gerere-to carry on
65. ducere-to lead
66. necare-to kill
67. audere-to dare
68. sub-under
69. post-after
70. novus-new
71. tollero-to endure
72. posse-to be able to
73. quare-which
74. nunc-now
75. ibi-there
76. superare-to be above
77. remanere-to remain
78. culpare-to blame
79. ceno-to dine
80. tum-then
81. sum-to be
82. iuvare-to help
83. verus-true
84. stultus-foolish
85. parvus-few
86. satiare -to satisfy
87. habere-to hold
88. semper-always
89. hodie-today
90. in-in
91. est-is
92. sine-without
93. O!-Oh!
94. sed-but
95. et-and
96. vocare-to summon
97. videre-to see
98. valere-to be strong
99. terrere-to terrify
100. convervare-to preserve
*101*-servare-to preserve