Nisus and Euryalus
Aeneas was leading the Trojans against the Rutulians. While it was night and the troops were sleeping, the leaders of the Trojans of the camps were having a planning session. Nisus and Euryalus, Trojan youth, dared to come. "Oh great men", says Nisus, "if you send Euryalus with me to the Rutulian camp, not only will we kill many men, but we will also snatch much loot out of that; for sleep has them." I praise the spirit and the courage of these rough youth!' called out Ilius, the son of Aneas. "Good-bye!"
Now Nis and Euryalus come into the camp of the Rutulians. They kill one, then many others. Euryalus antches a decoration, the other helmet. With that loot they flee. But Volcens, the leader of the Rutulians, sees those Trojans and calls the other Rutulians. The splendor of that helmet leads them to Euryalus. Nisus sees this danger and dares to protect his friend. He kills Volcen, but before that he kills Euryalus. Then they overcome the other Nisus; that body falls on top of the body of Euryalus.
Vergilius writes this whole story and these Trojans get perpetual fame.
Aurora and Tithonus
the goddess Aurora was loving Tithonus, a handsome hero. Therefore, she goes to Jupiter: "Oh king of hte gods", she says, "hear me!" My Tithonus is not a god; after a few years he will come to old age. If you will give that man perpetual life, I will always praise you." Foolish Aurora! You do not see the great danger of that gift. Jupiter gives Tithonus immortality, but that man, as long as he lives, he grows old. Time flies: Aurora is beutiful, Tithonus is not handsome. The body is no longer well,it is wrinkled and bent; his wisdom in spirit does not remain. What will Aurora do? Will she be able to restore the form of Tithonus? She thinks and takes consultation: Oh Tithouns, my love! You will change into a cricket; then you are able to bable wihtout blame. You live in that cage, I always love you."
Friday, November 21, 2008
Test Chapter 10-part 1
Present, Future, Imperfect of Audire-to hear
audio
audis
audit
audimus
auditis
audiunt
audiam
audies
audiet
audiemus
audietis
audient
audiebam
audiebas
audiebat
audiebamus
audiebatis
audiebant
audio
audis
audit
audimus
auditis
audiunt
audiam
audies
audiet
audiemus
audietis
audient
audiebam
audiebas
audiebat
audiebamus
audiebatis
audiebant
Thursday, November 20, 2008
Perseus~Slayer of Medusa!
In Greek mythology, Perseus was the hero who slayed the Gorgon Medusa. Perseus was the son of Zeus, and the grandson of the king of Argos, Acrisius. Acrisius was warned that he would be killed by his grandson, and he cast Perseus an his mother into the sea. They drifted to Seriphus where Perseus grew to manhood and was eventually sent away by Polydectes (king of Seriphus). Polydectes feared that Perseus might interfere with his plans and gave him a mission to bring back the head of the Gorgon Medusa, whose glance could turn men to stone.
Aided by Hermes, the messenger god, Perseus used winged sandals, a magic wallet, an invisibility cap, a sword that couldn't be broken, and a shield that could protect him form being turned to stone. Perseus found Medusa, killed her, put her head in his bottomless wallet, used the invisibility cap to get away from the other Gorgons, and used the winged sandals to fly towards home.
On his way home, Perseus rescued the princess Andromeda from being sacrificed to a sea monster. He then wed her. Once home, Perseus used Medusa's head to turn Polydectes to stone and saved his mother. They all returned to Greece, where Perseus accidentally killed his grandfather Acrisius, fulfilling the prophecy.
Perseus achieved his kleos for his heroic deeds.
Aided by Hermes, the messenger god, Perseus used winged sandals, a magic wallet, an invisibility cap, a sword that couldn't be broken, and a shield that could protect him form being turned to stone. Perseus found Medusa, killed her, put her head in his bottomless wallet, used the invisibility cap to get away from the other Gorgons, and used the winged sandals to fly towards home.
On his way home, Perseus rescued the princess Andromeda from being sacrificed to a sea monster. He then wed her. Once home, Perseus used Medusa's head to turn Polydectes to stone and saved his mother. They all returned to Greece, where Perseus accidentally killed his grandfather Acrisius, fulfilling the prophecy.
Perseus achieved his kleos for his heroic deeds.
Wednesday, November 19, 2008
Aurora and Tithonus
The goddess Aurora loved Tithonus, a handsome hero. Therefore, she came to Jupiter: " Oh king of the gods," she says, "hear me! My Tithonus was not a god; a few years afterwards he will come to old age. If you will give the perpetual life to this man, I will always praise you." Foolish Aurora! You do not see the great danger of that gift. Jupiter gave Tithonus immortality, but that man, as long as he lives, he will grow old. He flees time; now pretty Aurora, Tithonus is not handsome. The body wrinkled and bent, he is no longer well; wisdom in spirit does not remain. What does Aurora accomplish? Will she be able to restore the form of Tithonis? She thinks and takes consultation: "Oh Tithonus, my love! You change into a cricket; then you will be able to babble without fault. You live from this woman in a cage, and you I always love."
Nisus and Euryalus
Aeneas lead the Trojans against the Rutulians. As long as it was night and the troops were sleeping , they were holding the leader of the Trojans in camp planning session. Beside these men Nisus and Euryalus, Trojan youth, dare to come. "Oh, great men". Says Nisus, "if you all send me with Euryalus beside the camp of the Rutulians, not alone we will kill many humans, but also much loot we snatch out of those camps; those truly have sleep." "I praise the spirits and courage of the rough youth!", Iulus exclaimed, that son of Aeneas. "Good-bye!"
Now Nisus and Euryalus come into the camp of the Rutulians. They kill one, then many another. Euryalus snatches one decoration, the other helmet. With this loot they flee. But Volcens, the leader of the Rutulians, saw those Trojans and another Rutulus call. He leads those men beside brightness that the helmets. Nisus sees and dares this man into danger to preserve the friend. He killed Volcens, but before that he killed Euryalus. Then they vanquished the other, Nisus; this man falls on top of the body of Euryalus.
By the tale of the woman Vergilius writes and by the Trojans he ought to the tale is perpetual.
Now Nisus and Euryalus come into the camp of the Rutulians. They kill one, then many another. Euryalus snatches one decoration, the other helmet. With this loot they flee. But Volcens, the leader of the Rutulians, saw those Trojans and another Rutulus call. He leads those men beside brightness that the helmets. Nisus sees and dares this man into danger to preserve the friend. He killed Volcens, but before that he killed Euryalus. Then they vanquished the other, Nisus; this man falls on top of the body of Euryalus.
By the tale of the woman Vergilius writes and by the Trojans he ought to the tale is perpetual.
Monday, November 17, 2008
The Incomparable Value of Friendship
I am able to compare nothing with friendship; man says they give nothing. Some give money; others sane body; others fame and glory; others pleasure-but these men excessively wander, since those women are uncertain and out of fortune they come, not out of wisdom. Friendship, in fact, out of wisdom and love and good death and virtue comes; without virtue friendship is not able to be. If you have no friends, you have the life of a tyrant; if you come upon a true friend, your life is happy.
Chapter 10 S.A.
1. Avoid the desire of money and glory.
2. I shall accomplish my duty.
3. Your fame and the life of your sons will come into danger tomorrow.
4. Life is not to live, but to have power.
5. I always begin to always call the great with fear.
6. If you lead me, Muse, I shall take the great crown with praise.
7. Live mindful of death, flee the hour.
8. Seize, friends, the opportunity of the hour.
9. Few come to old age.
10. But flee, meanwhile, flee the time.
11. They will come upon the way fate.
12. Good true nature, not rank, it makes.
13. Compliance produces friends; truth produces hate.
2. I shall accomplish my duty.
3. Your fame and the life of your sons will come into danger tomorrow.
4. Life is not to live, but to have power.
5. I always begin to always call the great with fear.
6. If you lead me, Muse, I shall take the great crown with praise.
7. Live mindful of death, flee the hour.
8. Seize, friends, the opportunity of the hour.
9. Few come to old age.
10. But flee, meanwhile, flee the time.
11. They will come upon the way fate.
12. Good true nature, not rank, it makes.
13. Compliance produces friends; truth produces hate.
Vocab Quiz Chapter 9
1. amicitia-friendship
2. cupiditas-desire
3. hora-hour
4. natura-nature
5. senectus-old age
6. timor-fear
7. veritas-truth
8. via-way
9. voluptas-pleasure
10. beatis-happy
11. audire-to listen
12. capio-to take
13. facio-to make, do
2. cupiditas-desire
3. hora-hour
4. natura-nature
5. senectus-old age
6. timor-fear
7. veritas-truth
8. via-way
9. voluptas-pleasure
10. beatis-happy
11. audire-to listen
12. capio-to take
13. facio-to make, do
Friday, November 14, 2008
Chapter 9 Test part 2- S.A. odd and Laocoon and the Trojan horse
S.A.
1. Where am I able to see the famous women now?
3. I give the palm branch of victory to this counsel.
5. Only this man is able to assist.
7. These men truly think about the ruin of this state and the entire world.
9. No alone outcome leads to this-that schoolmaster is foolish!-but even with judgement.
Laocoon and the Trojan Horse
The greek were waging war with the Trojans. The great wooden horse they left behind under the Trojan city gate at night. The Trojans the horse there. "The Greeks dedicate a horse to Minerva", they said. "If we shall lead the gift of the Greeks into the goddess' temple, we shall have peace and live with good fortune." But Laocoon, the great priestess of courage and wisdom, dares to advise the people: "You think without reason, oh Trojans! If they are adundant in the horse, we are in great danger. You ought never to trust the Greeks, for Greeks are always deceitful." Then he hit the horse with a spear. Minerva' anger is great; the goddess sends two serpents oout from the sea. Oh, unfortunate Laocoon! The two evil serpent sons strike you and strangle you! The Trojans are afraid of the goddess; they lead the horse into the city. The reason of Laocoon teaches nothing to the Trojans.
1. Where am I able to see the famous women now?
3. I give the palm branch of victory to this counsel.
5. Only this man is able to assist.
7. These men truly think about the ruin of this state and the entire world.
9. No alone outcome leads to this-that schoolmaster is foolish!-but even with judgement.
Laocoon and the Trojan Horse
The greek were waging war with the Trojans. The great wooden horse they left behind under the Trojan city gate at night. The Trojans the horse there. "The Greeks dedicate a horse to Minerva", they said. "If we shall lead the gift of the Greeks into the goddess' temple, we shall have peace and live with good fortune." But Laocoon, the great priestess of courage and wisdom, dares to advise the people: "You think without reason, oh Trojans! If they are adundant in the horse, we are in great danger. You ought never to trust the Greeks, for Greeks are always deceitful." Then he hit the horse with a spear. Minerva' anger is great; the goddess sends two serpents oout from the sea. Oh, unfortunate Laocoon! The two evil serpent sons strike you and strangle you! The Trojans are afraid of the goddess; they lead the horse into the city. The reason of Laocoon teaches nothing to the Trojans.
Chapter 9 Test part 1-paradigms
ille-that
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ille illa illud
genitive illius illius illius
dative illi illi illi
accusative illum illam illud
ablative illo illa illo
Plural
nominative illi illae illa
genitive illorum illarum illorum
dative illis illis illis
accusative illos illas illa
ablative illis illis illis
hic-this
singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
nominative hic haec hoc
genitive huius huius huius
dative huic huic huic
accusative hunc hanc hoc
ablative hoc hac hoc
plural
nominative hi hae haec
genitive horum harum horum
dative his his his
accusative hos has haec
ablative his his his
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ille illa illud
genitive illius illius illius
dative illi illi illi
accusative illum illam illud
ablative illo illa illo
Plural
nominative illi illae illa
genitive illorum illarum illorum
dative illis illis illis
accusative illos illas illa
ablative illis illis illis
hic-this
singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
nominative hic haec hoc
genitive huius huius huius
dative huic huic huic
accusative hunc hanc hoc
ablative hoc hac hoc
plural
nominative hi hae haec
genitive horum harum horum
dative his his his
accusative hos has haec
ablative his his his
Wednesday, November 12, 2008
Augustus to Nero
Augustus-the single most important figure in Roman history; put an end to the advancing decay of the Republic and provided a new basis for government; he negotiated the dangerous seas of the last part of the Roman Revolution with skill and foresight
Tiberius-his reign is an important one for the Principate (formed by Augustus); his r
eign abounded in contradictions; he oversaw no new conquest
eign abounded in contradictions; he oversaw no new conquestGaius (Caligula)-he has the most poorly documented reign of the Julio-Claudian dynasty; Gaius was a crazed megalomaniac given to harebrained schemes; he had his co-heir killed within the first few months of Tiberius' death so that he could take the throne
Claudius I-In an age that des
pised weakness, Claudius was at a disadvantage; he limped, drooled, stuttered, and was constantly ill; Claudius' reign was a mixture of successes and failures
pised weakness, Claudius was at a disadvantage; he limped, drooled, stuttered, and was constantly ill; Claudius' reign was a mixture of successes and failuresNero-one of the worst emperors of all; he reigned more than three times 
as long as Gaius; Nero was a great persecutor of Christians
as long as Gaius; Nero was a great persecutor of Christians
Monday, November 10, 2008
Chapter 9 S.A. 2-9, optional exercises 5-19
S.A.
2. This man leads that maiden into marriage.
3. I give the palm branch of victory to this plan.
4. We truly love the courage of that man.
5. Only you are able to help this man.
6. The penalty will alleviate any of this disease of the state, but the danger will always remain.
7. Those, in fact, think down from the exit those states and the whole circle of the world.
8. None are either place human in this land.
9. You teach not alone this event.
Optional Exercises
5. These men will lead (lead, were leading) the entire state.
6. That man will see (sees, saw) these things in that land.
7. In that book he will write (I shall write, I was writing) those things about this.
8. One man is leading (will lead) those forces into this land
9. The schoolmaster gives these things to the other boy.
10. We are writing (will write) this book about another war.
11. The whole country thanks (will thank, was thanking) this man alone.
12. They are now giving their entire attention to that plan.
13. The friends of this man will save this state by that plan.
14. The other friend will lead entire life in another land.
15. This man alone was able to warn me about the faults of this tyrant.
16. You had no forces in the other land.
17. Those men alone see no dangers in this plan.
18. You dare to praise not only the character but also the treachery of that man.
19. Truly, on account of the treachery of one man this state was not strong.
2. This man leads that maiden into marriage.
3. I give the palm branch of victory to this plan.
4. We truly love the courage of that man.
5. Only you are able to help this man.
6. The penalty will alleviate any of this disease of the state, but the danger will always remain.
7. Those, in fact, think down from the exit those states and the whole circle of the world.
8. None are either place human in this land.
9. You teach not alone this event.
Optional Exercises
5. These men will lead (lead, were leading) the entire state.
6. That man will see (sees, saw) these things in that land.
7. In that book he will write (I shall write, I was writing) those things about this.
8. One man is leading (will lead) those forces into this land
9. The schoolmaster gives these things to the other boy.
10. We are writing (will write) this book about another war.
11. The whole country thanks (will thank, was thanking) this man alone.
12. They are now giving their entire attention to that plan.
13. The friends of this man will save this state by that plan.
14. The other friend will lead entire life in another land.
15. This man alone was able to warn me about the faults of this tyrant.
16. You had no forces in the other land.
17. Those men alone see no dangers in this plan.
18. You dare to praise not only the character but also the treachery of that man.
19. Truly, on account of the treachery of one man this state was not strong.
Vocab 9 Quiz
1. locus-place
2. morbus-sickness
3. studium-eagerness
4. hic-this
5. ille-that
6. iste-that of yours
7. alius-another
8. alter-the other
9. neuter-neither
10. nullus-none
11. solus-alone
12. totus-whole
13. ullus-any
14. unus-one
15. uter-either
16. anum-another
2. morbus-sickness
3. studium-eagerness
4. hic-this
5. ille-that
6. iste-that of yours
7. alius-another
8. alter-the other
9. neuter-neither
10. nullus-none
11. solus-alone
12. totus-whole
13. ullus-any
14. unus-one
15. uter-either
16. anum-another
Sunday, November 9, 2008
Cicero on the Ethics of Waging War
State war ought not to wage without good cuase or because of anger. If we are able to defend our fortune and fields and population without war, then we ought to maintian peace; if, however, we are not able to save and preserve our liberty and country without war, war is a necessity. We always ought to demonstrate, nevertheless, great service in war, and great mercy after victory.
Wednesday, November 5, 2008
Roman and Athenian Voting Practices, Conclusion
Athens 5th century BCE
Successive reforms turned Athens in to the 1st democracy. This democracy could be divided into 3 or 4 branches, depending on how you look at it:the assembly(the people), the Council of 500(Athenian Congress), Athenian juries, and sometimes people mention the executive branch. The participants in these branches were all chosen by the people. Only male citizens were allowed to vote and voting was conducted by a showing of hands. To keep politicians in their place, the techinique of ostracism was used. This was a sort of state-wide impeachment where people used shards of broken pottery as "voting ballots" to express the person they wished to exile for ten years. No more democratic form of government had ever been formed where citizens have an oppurtunity in every branch to voice their opinion. Athens bequeaths democracy to modern society. Two people mainly responsible for this are Ephialtes and Pericles.
Roman Republic
Rome established a more representative form of government known as the Roman Republic. Much of Roman history lies shrouded in obscurity because evidence at times was deliberately
suppressed and falsified. Despite this fact, there is a solid core of information to support the institution of the plebeian tribunate. Plebeians were the commoners of Rome. Plebeians could elect officers to defend their rights. They could now vote and decide who they wanted to represent them. These representatives could forbid acts that the plebeians were against. If anyone went against the representative, they became an outlaw and were liable to be killed by plebeians. The tribunes were able to veto acts of most, but could not veto a dictator's choice. Because of this sought after power of veto, the position in the tribunate was wanted avidly. This makeshift office gained much power. There also existed other branches composed of consuls and magistrates in this period.
suppressed and falsified. Despite this fact, there is a solid core of information to support the institution of the plebeian tribunate. Plebeians were the commoners of Rome. Plebeians could elect officers to defend their rights. They could now vote and decide who they wanted to represent them. These representatives could forbid acts that the plebeians were against. If anyone went against the representative, they became an outlaw and were liable to be killed by plebeians. The tribunes were able to veto acts of most, but could not veto a dictator's choice. Because of this sought after power of veto, the position in the tribunate was wanted avidly. This makeshift office gained much power. There also existed other branches composed of consuls and magistrates in this period.
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was an imperial bureaucracy. This means that it relates to an empire and its ruler and its structure as a government. At first there were triumvirates. That meant that were was a ruling system of 3 equal individuals who were in a way co-emperors. Eventually Rome was ruled by emperors (emperors rule empires like kings rule kingdoms, get it?). The people had no real say in what happened or what choices the triumvirates and emperors made. They had no real power to vote becuase this was almost given solely to the emperor(s).
Works Cited
Athens info-www.tbns.net/eggy/class2/classics020206.doc
Athens info-ttp://www.luc.edu/faculty/ldossey/athenssept11web.htm
Athens info-http://www.utexas.edu/courses/introtogreece/lecture01/img13ostraka.html
Athens info-www.tbns.net/eggy/class2/classics020206.doc
Athens info-ttp://www.luc.edu/faculty/ldossey/athenssept11web.htm
Athens info-http://www.utexas.edu/courses/introtogreece/lecture01/img13ostraka.html
Roman Republic info-"Roman Government Creates Plebeian Tribunate, 494 B.C." DISCovering World History. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Student Resource Center - Gold. Gale. John Carroll School. 5 Nov. 2008 <." contentset="GSRC&type=" tabid="T001&prodId=" docid="EJ2105240240&source=" srcprod="SRCG&userGroupName=" version="1.0">." contentset="GSRC&type=" tabid="T001&prodId=" docid="EJ2105240240&source=" srcprod="SRCG&userGroupName=" version="1.0">.">http://find.galegroup.com/srcx/infomark.do?&contentSet=GSRC&type=retrieve&tabID=T001&prodId=SRC-1&docId=EJ2105240240&source=gale&srcprod=SRCG&userGroupName=bel71807&version=1.0>.
The U.S. voting practice is most closely based upon the Athenian democracy. Athens also believed in freedom of speech and capitalism. The United States has the branches of governments that can keep each other in check and are influenced by the wishes of the people.
Of these three voting practices I think the democracy of Athens is the best voting practice and the Roman Empire's is the worst. This is different becuase there seems to have been a retrogression instead of progression in creating a solid government of the people.
In an ideal world I think the voting practices would be a combination of the United States voting practices and the Athens voting practices. This would create a truely solid government that is all around affected by the people, which could even have there own branch.
Monday, November 3, 2008
Chapter 7 Optional Exercises Translations
8. My time for peace is small.
9. Your courage is important.
10. Money is nothing without good character.
11. The virtues of many human beings are great.
12. The character of a good man will be good.
13. They will give a letterto the man.
14. We were able to see many men in the important nation.
15. We were seeing a great love of many in many men.
16. Few men give attention to excellence.
17. Our state will give leisure to many men.
18. Peace can not be perpetual.
19. The states of our times will not be strong without good peace.
20. Times are bad after many wars.
21. In many states and lands peace could not be strong.
22. Without great labor men will have nothing.
23. The beautiful maiden loves friends of good character.
24. Men of great courage were daring to overcome tyrants,
25. Love of country was strong in our state.
9. Your courage is important.
10. Money is nothing without good character.
11. The virtues of many human beings are great.
12. The character of a good man will be good.
13. They will give a letterto the man.
14. We were able to see many men in the important nation.
15. We were seeing a great love of many in many men.
16. Few men give attention to excellence.
17. Our state will give leisure to many men.
18. Peace can not be perpetual.
19. The states of our times will not be strong without good peace.
20. Times are bad after many wars.
21. In many states and lands peace could not be strong.
22. Without great labor men will have nothing.
23. The beautiful maiden loves friends of good character.
24. Men of great courage were daring to overcome tyrants,
25. Love of country was strong in our state.
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